Mickhail Gorbachev
"The Chinese wall is a very fine work, but there are already too many walls between men" Mikhail Gorbachev once said, the last leader of the USSR who died in August 2022. Let's look back on his life and his mainSergeyevich
Mikhail was born on March 2, 1931 in Privolnoye, a native of North Caucasus, Stavropol Krai. the Soviet then Russian who led theUSSR between 1985 and 1991. With parents who rallied to communism, he was born with an angioma on the top of his forehead. His maternal grandfather, who refused collectivization, was chairman of the kolkhoz Krasnyï Oktiabr, The latter was arrested in the summer of 1937, during the Great Purges, because he would have created a secret organization. He was released at the end of 1938, and became chairman of the kolkhoz again in 1939.
After graduating from high school, he worked alongside his father as a combine harvester. As a reward, he was decorated with theOrder of the Red Banner of Labor and sent to Moscow for higher education. There he studied law atLomonossov University, where he met Raïssa Titarenko, his future wife.
He first joined the Communist youth, the Komsomol, then the Communist Party in 1950. Rising through the ranks, he became its leader for the city of Stavropol in 1962. Then he was noticed by Yuri Andropov, head of the KGB, from then on , his career is accelerating. He was elected to the Central Committee in 1971 at the age of 40, then Secretary of the Central Committee on November 23, 1978 and to the Politburo in 1980, at the age of 49.
In short, being of resolution a reformer, he committed himself externally towards the end of the Cold War and launched internally the economic, cultural and political liberalizationknown as perestroika and glasnost. However, Powerless to control the evolutions which it itself started, it resigns, which marks the end point of the dislocation of the USSR, two years after thecollapse of the communist regimes in Eastern Europe.
From April 1985 to December 1991
Gorbachev is a reformer who intends to rejuvenate the power of the USSR. He launched several economic and social reform programs in order to save the country from agricultural bankruptcy and an international crisis from which it was struggling to recover. Through its policy of "Perostroika" (reconstruction) and "Glasnot" (transparency) which respectively demand recognition of the role of the market and transparency in political affairs, it intends to restructure the economy of the USSR and anchor it more deeply into the economic realities of the market. But the territory did not seem ready for such changes and sank into an economic crisis, then a political one, until its collapse in 1991.
Peace from 1988 to 1990
On May 15, 1988, the Soviets left Afghanistan, indeed Mikhail Gorbachev orders the withdrawal of his troops from Afghanistan, held in check by the mujahideen supported by the United States. It's the end of eight years of Soviet occupation. Gorbachev's popularity is mostly recognized internationally. A man of peace, he helped end the Cold War. In December 1989, in Malta, Gorbachev and George Bush proclaimed the end of the cold war. The two presidents pledge to reduce their nuclear arsenal. He promotes the return of freedom of the press in his country and puts an end to the monopoly of the single party. Gorbachev won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1990 for all of his positions in favor of lasting peace.
From August 19, 1991 to December 25, 1991 : Between Coup and Resignation
While USSR President Mikhail Gorbachev was on vacation in Crimea, a state of emergency was declared and a State Committee took all powers. The President of the Republic of Russia, Boris Yeltsin, then leaves the Russian Parliament and asks the crowd to oppose the coup d'etat, by preventing the arrival of the tanks. In December, Mikhail Gorbachev resigns, it is the end of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). The President of the USSR and General Secretary of the Communist Party resigns in the early evening after soldiers hoisted the Russian flag in the blue, white and red colors of the pre -Communist revolution of 1917. The Soviet Union is no more. Boris Yeltsin, elected President of the Russian Federation in June takes over the reins of the country. Since the signing of the Alma-Ata agreements and the creation of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) on the 8th, the Soviet empire has been moribund. It was without a hitch that, at the age of 60, the last president of the USSR handed in his resignation to Congress. The territory of the former USSR now consists of fifteen independent states.
August 30, 2022 : Death of Mikhail Gorbachev
"He was the man of peace whose choices opened a path to freedom for Russians", in the words of Emmanuel Macron. On Tuesday August 30, 2022, the Russian news agency Tass announced the death of the former Soviet leader. "Today in the evening (Tuesday), after a long serious illness, Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev died", thus indicated the Central Clinical Hospital (TSKB) dependent on the presidency Russian. He was 91 years old.
Here is briefly what we can therefore retain of this great man of peace who had a philosophy that he did not hide, with his quotes such as "When I stop being indignant, I will have started my old age" or even "Life punishes those who arrive too late" and ideologies of their own "The USSR also has its hotheads who want to change socialism overnight"
Under the reign of Gorbachev, the war cold ended.
He led a large-scale and effective anti-alcohol campaignthat's.
Gorbachev is part of an attempt to reform the Soviet iron system, which went down in history as Perestroika.
Under Gorbachev, a policy of openness, freedom of the press and speech was introduced in the USSR.
Soviet troops have been withdrawn from Afghanistan.
It was Mikhail Sergeyevich who rejected communist ideology as a statehood and against the persecution of dissidents.
Gorbachev became the last leader of the USSR.